6 Best Application of Biotechnology in Agriculture in 2024

To address the ever-growing global demand for food to feed a population of over 8 billion, the application of biotechnology in agriculture plays a vital role. While the Green Revolution of the mid-20th century made significant progress in food production using fertilizers and better irrigation methods. But more was needed to meet the rising needs and added environmental pollution. Advanced Biotechnology techniques hold the key to enhancing the value of the agriculture sector. Tackling challenges such as pests, droughts, and environmental concerns through genetically modified crops and innovative solutions brings a new Agri biotech era.

Application of Biotechnology in Agriculture

Discover more about the below given advanced biotechnological applications in the agriculture sector.

1. Genetic Engineering
2. GIS and GPS in Agriculture
3. Vaccine Production for Livestock
4. Biological Nitrogen Fixation
5. Bioremediation
6. Embryo Rescue

1. Genetic Engineering

A powerful biotech tool is Genetic engineering, also known as rDNA technology. This process alters an organism’s genetic makeup (plants, animals, etc.) in a laboratory through recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology, leading to various applications in agriculture, particularly improved crops called Genetically modified (GM) crops.

Genetically modified crops offer several advantages as follows:

Stress Tolerance: GM crops are designed to withstand challenging conditions like drought, extreme temperatures, and soil salinity, ensuring better crop survival.

Pest Resistance: They have a built-in resistance to bugs, reducing the need for chemical pesticides that benefit farmers by saving money and decreasing environmental impact.

Less Post-Harvest Loss: GM crops have the quality that more of the harvest reaches consumers.

Nutritious: Some GM crops, like Vitamin A-enriched rice, have improved nutritional content, addressing malnutrition concerns.

Sustainable Farming: Genetic modifications can increase plant mineral uptake, preventing soil fertility depletion over time.

Additionally, genetic engineering can also create customized plants for various industrial purposes, such as biofuel production, starches, and pharmaceuticals. Examples of GM crops include Bt cotton, which resists bollworms (caterpillar specie), and Bt brinjal is resistant to fruit and stem borer bugs. These advancements not only maximise crop yields but also help build a stronger and sustainable agricultural system. Genetic engineering continues to play a crucial role in solving issues with agricultural sustainability and global food security.

2. GIS & GPS in Agriculture

Precision is the most important thing to do in modern agriculture systems, and GIS and GPS are the game-changers. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) combine maps, data, and technology to create a precise system for farmers. Farmers can make informed decisions about where and when to plant, irrigate, and harvest by overlaying data about soil types, weather patterns, and crop yields. Global Positioning Systems (GPS) then take this precision to the field, guiding tractors and equipment with pinpoint accuracy.

Now, what will be the result?

This system helps in efficient resource allocation, increasing crop yields while conserving resources. Farmers can reduce water usage, limit the application of fertilizers and pesticides to only where they’re needed, and even optimize machinery routes to save fuel. It’s not just about harvesting more crops but it’s about growing them smarter with a less carbon footprint.

3. Vaccine Production for Livestock

Don’t confuse yourself with how Vaccines for livestock support the role of biotechnology in agriculture. Livestock health is a cornerstone of agriculture, and biotechnology secures it. Vaccine production through biotechnology offers several advantages. It allows for the development of vaccines for specific diseases. These vaccines are often stronger and has less side effects than traditional methods.

Healthy livestock means a more stronger food supply system. It reduces the need for antibiotics and enhances the quality of goods made from animals, such as dairy products and meat. Additionally, biotechnology enables the rapid response to emerging diseases, protecting livestock and human health.

4. Biological Nitrogen Fixation

Nitrogen element is necessary for plant growth, yet the amount of nitrogen in the soil is frequently insufficient. Therefore, Biotechnology introduces a sustainable solution through biological nitrogen fixation. Some specific bacteria, like Rhizobia have the ability to absorb nitrogen from the air and change it into a form that plants can use

It lowers costs and the dependence on artificial fertilizers, which can have negative environmental effects like contaminating groundwater. The biological nitrogen fixation method helps to promote soil health, reduces agricultural runoff, and minimizes the release of greenhouse gases associated with fertilizer production and use. It’s a green farming approach that benefits the environment and food production.

5. Bioremediation

Bioremediation is the best biotechnology application for environmental cleanup, especially for agricultural sites. This method involves using specific bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms to break down contaminants like pesticides, heavy metals, and petroleum products available in the soil. These microorganisms act as natural decomposers, turning harmful substances into harmless byproducts.

It’s an affordable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional cleanup techniques like excavation and disposal. It restores contaminated land and prevents further damage to soil and water resources. This biotechnology method helps agriculture restore the land that was once considered unsuitable for use and transform it into productive farmland.

6. Embryo Rescue

Embryo rescue is a remarkable biotechnology technique like a plant-saving superhero. In this method the baby plant embryos are kept to grow in an environment that is safe and monitored. This is a lifeline for rare seeds, like those with cultural or historical importance.

When these seeds are endangered, embryo rescue steps in to save them. It preserves our crop diversity and heritage. Embryo rescue is a vital tool in the biotechnologist’s toolkit to ensure we don’t lose the treasures of our agricultural past for generations to come and ultimately grow new plants to have a greener future.

In conclusion, the application of biotechnology in agriculture is vital to meet the global food demand. Genetic engineering creates resilient and nutritious crops like Vitamin A-enriched rice. GIS and GPS enhance precision farming, minimizing resource use. Vaccine production ensures healthy livestock and improves food quality. Biological nitrogen fixation limits the use of artificial fertilizers and environmental impact. Bioremediation cleans contaminated farmland sustainably. Embryo rescue safeguards rare seeds with cultural significance. These tool kit examples of biotechnology in agriculture boost productivity, secure our rare crops, and lead the way for a greener future.

Here are the top new technologies in agriculture in 2023.